Ketogenic vs sugar-restricted diet RCT, gut microbiome
131 samples from healthy UK adults in a randomized controlled trial comparing free-sugar restriction and ketogenic diets over 12 weeks, assessing effects on metabolism and gut microbiome. machine-written summary
131 samples · 131 runs · GB · Adult · 2024 · 1.73 Gbp / sample
Checked this project's papers and archive records yourself? Mark it human-verified.
what each source gave
| ✓ Sequence archive | 786 sample values (country, latitude, location region, longitude, subject id, timepoint) |
| ✓ Abstract / description | 262 sample values (health condition, health condition detail) |
| ✓ Full text | 262 sample values (antibiotic exposure, location locality) · PMC11384946 |
| ○ Supplementary tables | files read; no table could be matched to the samples |
| – External resources | not covered by the external resources we ingest |
| – User contribution | nothing uploaded yet |
| – Human verified | not yet checked by a person · I checked this project — verify it |
intervention — arms not resolved
Controlled / prescribed diet or feeding regimen design randomized_controlled_trial · population healthy_control · Randomized ketogenic diet vs free-sugar restriction vs control, 12 weeks
“randomization to restricting free sugars or overall carbohydrates” — abstract:39106867 (study level; per-sample arms are in the intervention column below)
longitudinal
47 of 48 people sampled more than once (130 samples; median 3, up to 3 per person) · follow-up median 3 mo (max 3 mo) · median interval between samples 28 d (time from timepoint labels). Schedule stated by the source: “Faecal samples at baseline, week 4, and week 12 of a 12-week dietary intervention” (time origin: intervention_start); stated follow-up 3 mo.
Each row is one person (36 shown of 47); dots are samples at days since that person's first sample.
Genera, mean relative abundance over 118 profiled gut samples of this project (Sandpiper SingleM profiles, GTDB R232; low-depth and non-metagenome profiles left out).
| field | samples | coverage | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| age_category | 131 | 100% | ||||
| country | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| health_condition | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| subject_id | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| antibiotic_exposure | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| detailed_location | 131 | 100% | ||||
| health_condition_detail | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| latitude | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| location_locality | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| location_region | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| longitude | 131 | 100% | 131 | |||
| timepoint_label | 131 | 100% | 131 |
- Ketogenic diet but not free-sugar restriction alters glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism, peripheral tissue phenotype, and gut microbiome: RCT. 2024 PMID 39106867 PMC11384946 own_data
Archive description
Restricted sugar and ketogenic diets can both alter energy balance and metabolism, but any resultant decrease in energy intake may be counteracted by compensatory reductions in energy expenditure. In healthy adults, randomization to restriction of free-sugars or overall carbohydrates (ketogenic diet) for 12 weeks reduced fat mass without changes in physical activity or resting metabolic rate, compared to a control diet. Free-sugar restriction had minimal effect on metabolism or gut microbiome other than decreased serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. In contrast, ketogenic diet-induced weight loss decreased glucose tolerance, coinciding with increased PDK4 and reduced AMPK and GLUT4 levels in skeletal muscle. In the first 4 weeks, the ketogenic diet reduced fasting glucose, increased apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein and postprandial glycerol concentrations. However, despite sustained ketosis, these effects were no longer apparent by week 12, when gut microbial beta diversity was altered, possibly reflective of longer-term ketotic adaptation and/or new energy balance status. These data demonstrate that restricting either free-sugars or overall carbohydrates can reduce energy intake without altering physical activity, but with divergent effects on glucose tolerance, lipoprotein profiles and gut microbial composition.
How this project entered the registry
Classified as human gut / stool shotgun DNA metagenome of adult by sonnet_x2 with confidence 0.72. Assay shotgun_dna.
- host run.scientific_name · “human gut metagenome”
- body site run.scientific_name · “human gut metagenome”
- life stage study.description · “In healthy adults, randomization to restriction”
Evidence examples (one per field × route)
| sample | field | value | route | conf. | source | quote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAMEA115719822 | antibiotic_exposure | no | R3 | 0.70 | paper.fulltext.methods | use of antibiotic medication in the previous 3 months |
| SAMEA115719822 | country | GB | R1 | 0.90 | sample.attr.geographic_location_country_and_or_sea | United Kingdom |
| SAMEA115719822 | health_condition | healthy_control | R4 | 0.50 | study.description | In healthy adults, randomization to restriction |
| SAMEA115719822 | health_condition_detail | healthy adults randomized to dietary intervention arms | R4 | 0.50 | study.description | healthy adults, randomization to restriction of free-sugars or overall carbohydrates |
| SAMEA115719822 | latitude | 51.3793 | R1 | 0.90 | biosample.attribute:geographic_location_latitude+geographic_location_longitude | 51.3793 -2.3272 |
| SAMEA115719822 | location_locality | Bath | R3 | 0.70 | paper.fulltext.methods | participants from the local area of Bath |
| SAMEA115719822 | location_region | England | R1 | 0.60 | biosample.attribute:geographic_location_latitude+geographic_location_longitude | 51.3793 -2.3272 |
| SAMEA115719822 | longitude | -2.3272 | R1 | 0.90 | biosample.attribute:geographic_location_latitude+geographic_location_longitude | 51.3793 -2.3272 |
| SAMEA115719822 | subject_id | 1 | R1 | 0.70 | sample.name_rule:sample_title | 1Achebi |
| SAMEA115719822 | timepoint_label | baseline | R1 | 0.70 | sample.name_rule:sample_title | 1Achebi |
Sequencing
131 runs over 131 samples · mean 1.82 Gbp per run (median 1.73 Gbp, total 238.79 Gbp; 131 runs with a base count) · layout PAIRED 131 · platform ILLUMINA 131 · models NextSeq 2000 (131) · 90% of runs with a Sandpiper profile · first public 2024-07-31
Authors (22)
Hengist A first · Davies RG · Walhin JP · Buniam J · Merrell LH · Rogers L · Bradshaw L · Moreno-Cabañas A · Rogers PJ · Brunstrom JM · Hodson L · van Loon LJC · Barton W · O'Donovan C · Crispie F · O'Sullivan O · Cotter PD · Proctor K · Betts JA · Koumanov F · Thompson D · Gonzalez JT last
Downloads
PRJEB72300.csv.gz (4.2 KB) · parquet (75.4 KB) — all 131 samples, every field with route and confidence · PRJEB72300_determinations.csv.gz (9.0 KB) — 1,310 evidence rows