Axillary & gut microbiota in axillary bromhidrosis
62 axillary and stool samples from axillary bromhidrosis patients and healthy controls, including a subset before and after microwave therapy, in a case-control study of axillary and gut microbiota. machine-written summary
62 samples · 62 runs · CN · Age unknown · 2026 · 20.6 Mbp / sample
Checked this project's papers and archive records yourself? Mark it human-verified.
what each source gave
| ✓ Sequence archive | 124 sample values (country, health condition detail) |
| ○ Abstract / description | read; no usable statement |
| ✓ Full text | 186 sample values (antibiotic exposure, collection date, location site) · PMC13183811 |
| ○ Supplementary tables | files read; no table could be matched to the samples |
| – External resources | not covered by the external resources we ingest |
| – User contribution | nothing uploaded yet · share metadata |
| – Human verified | not yet checked by a person · I checked this project — verify it |
intervention — arms not resolved
Other administered intervention (see intervention_detail) design single_arm_before_after · population other_disease · Microwave therapy for axillary bromhidrosis, pre/post gut samples
“8 patients received microwave therapy, collecting pre-and post-treatment samples” — bioproject.description (study level; per-sample arms are in the intervention column below)
longitudinal — not resolved
Schedule stated by the source: “8 microwave-therapy patients sampled pre-treatment and 3 months post-treatment”; stated follow-up 3 mo.
No Sandpiper profile for this project's samples yet.
| field | samples | coverage | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| age_category | 0 | 0% | ||||
| country | 62 | 100% | 62 | |||
| health_condition | 0 | 0% | ||||
| subject_id | 0 | 0% | ||||
| antibiotic_exposure | 62 | 100% | 62 | |||
| collection_date | 62 | 100% | 62 | |||
| detailed_location | 62 | 100% | ||||
| health_condition_detail | 62 | 100% | 62 | |||
| location_site | 62 | 100% | 62 |
- Axillary and gut microbiota characteristics in axillary bromhidrosis patients and the effect of microwave therapy: a case-control study. 2026 PMID 42164666 PMC13183811 own_data
Archive description
Introduction: Axillary bromhidrosis is characterized by excessive sweat gland activity and foul body odor, significantly affecting patients' psychological well-being and social interactions. Methods: This study recruited 30 axillary bromhidrosis patients and 30 healthy controls, collecting sweat and stool samples for microbiome analysis. Among the patients, 8 patients received microwave therapy, collecting pre-and post-treatment samples for microbiome analysis. Results: The axillary microbiota of patients showed significant differences compared to healthy controls, particularly with increased abundance of odor-causing bacteria such as Staphylococcus and related species (Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus) (LDA > 3, P < 0.05). While the gut microbiota composition showed no significant changes, but LEfSe analysis revealed that SCFAs-producing bacteria (Bacteroides stercoris, Phocaeicola massiliensis, and Phocaeicola vulgatus) was significantly elevated (LDA > 3, P < 0.05), indicating that the abundance changes of SCFAs-producing bacteria may be associated with axillary odor production through the regulation of metabolic processes. Correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between axillary odor-producing genera (Staphylococcus, Peptoniphilus, Anaerococcus) and gut SCFAs-producing genera (Roseburia, Blautia, Clostridium), suggesting a bidirectional microbiota network through gut-derived butyrate production and immune modulation (P < 0.05). However, further experimentals are required to confirm the causal relationship. Furthermore, microwave therapy significantly altered axillary microbiota diversity, potentially alleviating axillary odor by inhibiting odor-producing bacteria (Staphylococcus) (LDA > 3, P < 0.05), while exerting minimal impact on the gut microbiota. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant metabolic activity changes in lipid, carbohydrate, sulfur, and amino acid metabolism pathways. Conclusion: This study is the first to demonstrate the interrelationship between the axillary and gut microbiota in axillary bromhidrosis patients, showing a link between gut-derived butyrate production and axillary odor. These findings offer new insights into the microbiological mechanisms underlying axillary bromhidrosis and identify potential microbial targets for future gut-based systemic treatments.
How this project entered the registry
Classified as human skin / gut / stool shotgun DNA metagenome of age unknown by opus_adjudicated with confidence 0.65. Assay shotgun_dna.
- host study.description · “recruited 30 axillary bromhidrosis patients”
- body site study.description · “collecting sweat and stool samples”
Evidence examples (one per field × route)
| sample | field | value | route | conf. | source | quote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAMN57402514 | antibiotic_exposure | no | R3 | 0.70 | paper.fulltext.methods | prior antibiotic use before stool sample collection |
| SAMN57402514 | collection_date | 2023-03/2024-03 | R3 | 0.70 | paper.fulltext.methods | between March 2023 and March 2024 |
| SAMN57402514 | country | CN | R1 | 0.90 | sample.attr.geo_loc_name | China |
| SAMN57402514 | health_condition_detail | NS1 | R1 | 0.90 | sample.attr.disease | NS1 |
| SAMN57402514 | location_site | Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine | R3 | 0.70 | paper.fulltext.methods | Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine |
Sequencing
62 runs over 62 samples · mean 20.6 Mbp per run (median 20.6 Mbp, total 1.28 Gbp; 62 runs with a base count) · layout PAIRED 62 · platform ILLUMINA 62 · models HiSeq X Ten (62) · 0% of runs with a Sandpiper profile · first public 2026-04-23
Help complete this project
3 of the 4 core fields are below 50% coverage: age_category, health_condition, subject_id. Share metadata
Downloads
PRJNA1456328.csv.gz (2.4 KB) · parquet (71.9 KB) — all 62 samples, every field with route and confidence · PRJNA1456328_determinations.csv.gz (2.3 KB) — 310 evidence rows