Gut microbiome in MPN patients on Mediterranean diet, USA

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a class of hematological malignancies which result in the overproduction of myeloid lineage cells. These malignancies result in increased cytokine production and inflammation, which correlate with worsened symptom burden and prognosis. Other than bone marrow transplantation, there is no cure for myeloproliferative neoplasms. As such, treatments focus on reducing thrombotic risk, inflammation, and symptom burden. Because current pharmacological treatments carry significant side-effects, there is a need to explore low-risk therapies. One alternative is the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in anti-inflammatory foods, reduces inflammatory biomarkers, and beneficially alters the gut microbiome. Here, we performed a 15-week clinical trial of 28 individuals with MPN who were randomized to dietary counseling based on either a Mediterranean diet or standard U.S. Guidelines for Americans. Our primary objective was to determine if MPN patients were able to adopt a Mediterranean eating style when supported with dietician counseling. As exploratory endpoints, we investigated the impact of diet and inflammation on the gut microbiome. Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we found that microbiome diversity and composition were stable throughout the study duration in both cohorts. Furthermore, we discovered significant differences in the microbiomes between MPN subtypes, such as increased beta-dispersion in subjects with myelofibrosis. Lastly, we found several significant correlations between the abundances of multiple bacterial taxa and cytokine levels. Together, this study provides insight into the interaction between diet, inflammation, and the gut microbiome.

Classified as human gut / stool shotgun DNA metagenome of adult by sonnet_x2 with confidence 0.75. Assay shotgun_dna.

• host run.host_tax_id · “9606”
• body site run.scientific_name · “gut metagenome”
• life stage study.description · “28 individuals with MPN who were randomized”

114 runs over 103 samples · mean 0.70 Gbp per run (median 0.77 Gbp, total 79.28 Gbp; 114 runs with a base count) · layout PAIRED 114 · platform ILLUMINA 114 · models Illumina HiSeq 4000 (114) · 86% of runs with a Sandpiper profile · first public 2023-10-20

Avelar-Barragan J first · Mendez Luque LF · Nguyen J · Nguyen H · Odegaard AO · Fleischman AG · Whiteson KL last · Soyfer EM · Liu J · Chen JH · Mehrotra N · Huang X · Kosiorek HE · Dueck A · Himstead A · Heide E · Lem M · El Alaoui K · Mas E · Scherber RM · Mesa RA · Odegaard A

PRJNA918651.csv.gz (3.7 KB) · parquet (75.6 KB) — all 103 samples, every field with route and confidence · PRJNA918651_determinations.csv.gz (8.1 KB) — 1,224 evidence rows